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A rail or channel on the top of each wall supports and guides a compost-turning machine. A loader places raw materials at the front end of the bed. As the turning machine moves forward on the rails, it mixes the compost and discharges the compost behind itself. With each turn, the machine moves the compost at a set distance toward the end of

May 21, 2021 · Edible mushroom are grown commercially using lignocellulosic waste by applying a biological process. However after the harvesting season about 70% of the substrate remain as a spent mushroom compost (SMC). SMC can be the source for retrieving value-added products which support zero waste approach. In this paper, the fate of SMC from agricultural production will be discussed focusing on its

Feb 24, 2022 · It was found that prolonged composting hour affected the pelletization process since moisture, which acts as a natural binder, reduced when the composting hour increased. The gross calorific value increased from 14.07 MJ/kg to 18.76 MJ/kg for raw mushroom waste and compost pellets at the fifth hour, respectively.

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This study investigated the effects of adding biocontrol microbes on metabolites and pathogenic microorganisms during mushroom residue composting and the relationships of metabolite changes with microbes and material transformation. The results showed that the addition of Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Trichoderma harzianum (TH) with mushroom residue promoted the conversion of organic carbon and

Jul 7, 2023 · Therefore, this study aims to maximize and enhance the advantages of mushroom residues (MR) to make vermicompost that can resist Fusarium Oxysporium (FO) in maize. This study was conducted in three stages: compost preparation, composting, and planting. The mixing process of vermicompost with the soil was improved by the lowest CV.

May 1, 2020 · Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is the residue after mushroom production. The aims of this work were to analyze the effects of continuous application of SMS for nearly 10 years on soil organic carbon (SOC), soil humus composition, microbial biomass and functional diversity in paddy fields and to provide a theoretical basis for scientific application of SMS.

Pack Mfg. Mushroom Cultivation Equipment ranges from composting, mixers, and bagging equipment for beginning operations to fully automated conveyor systems for your production needs increase. Pack Mfg. can provide equipment for any process, from composting and media production to spawning, casing, inoculation, and cultivation.

Jan 1, 2022 · From last 2–3 decades, people have shown their concern about the safe disposal of SMW. In the present scenario, the rate of mushroom production has also increased and it is estimated that approximately 5 million tons of SMW generated each year as solid waste (Chiu et al., 1998).

Sep 1, 2013 · Li-li et al. (2013) compared the co-composting process of rabbit manure mixed with mushroom residue and rice straw and reported that both compost could help seed growth and a much more efficient

Jul 14, 2023 · Aerobic composting is an effective way to recycle solid waste. Composting promotes the transformation of degradable organic matter in solid waste into mature manure, precursors of humic substances, by microorganisms widely existed in nature, so as to provide nutrient rich fertilizer for the growth of crops. The community and function of microorganisms play a key role in the successful progress

Sep 13, 2023 · Therefore, using straw for cultivating edible mushrooms with a multi-stage recycling model plays a crucial role in enhancing economic and social benefits. However, with the yearly increase in straw-cultivated edible mushroom production, disposing of the resulting residue presents a challenge.

Feb 3, 2024 · GI increased with declined final C/N and (Final C/N)/(Initial C/N) (P < 0.01), and therefore a maturity assessment standard for animal manure composting was proposed: a mature compost has a C/N

May 23, 2020 · India hardly produce 0.18 million tons of mushroom. There have been lot of technological advancements in of mushroom spawn production and quick of composting for button mushroom. Production technologies of oyster and shiitake have been changed from log to bag cultivation and cropping of shiitake is reduced from 3.0 to 1.5 months.

Feb 1, 2023 · Among these, composting is preferred because of its low investment and operation costs, greater social and environmental benefits, and generation of a marketable final product. Composting is a biochemical process that converts organic waste into a stable and safe product that can be used as a substrate and nutrient source for plant growth.